WEBNov 12, 2013 · A mathematical model of the iron ore sintering process in a fixed sinter bed and optimisation of the process parameters using real valued genetic algorithm is described. The mathematical model is formulated based on mass and energy balances in gas and solid phases, which are represented by simple partial differential equations.
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WEBAug 23, 2023 · Superhigh bed sintering process is an important development direction of iron ore sintering for its lower emission and higher yield. However, there is a lack of deep understanding of the uneven quality of superhigh bed sintering products, and the deterioration of reduction disintegration performance, the thickening of hearth layer and .
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WEBThe iron ore sintering process is the second most energyconsuming process in iron and steel production, where the main energy consumption results from the combustion of carbon. In order to optimize the utilization of carbon, it is necessary to predict the carbon efficiency first. Thus, this paper develops a multilevel prediction model to predict the .
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WEBJun 1, 2017 · A typical iron ore sintering process mainly consists of proportioning, ignition, sintering, screening, and weighting. Iron ores and coke fines are heated in this process to produce sinter with a certain chemical composition and strength for feeding into the blast furnace [1] .
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WEBAug 24, 2016 · Abstract. Sintering is the most economic and widely used agglomeration process to prepare iron ore fines for blast furnace use. Owing to the depleting reserves of traditional high grade iron ore, there have been considerable changes in iron ore resources available throughout the world, especially in steel mills in East Asia.
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WEBOct 1, 2016 · In the integrated iron and steel production, coking and iron ore sintering procedures contribute the highest share of CO 2 emission [5], as well as SO 2 and NO x. Therefore, reducing CO 2 emission in iron ore sintering procedures has been strongly required for the current environmental pressure and high cost of carbon emission in the .
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WEBSep 1, 2016 · Iron ore sintering is the process of heating iron ore fines, coke fines, and other materials to produce a semimolten mass that solidifies into porous pieces of sinter with a size and strength suitable for a blast furnace. It is the second most energyconsuming process in steelmaking. Its main source of energy is the combustion of coke, which ...
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WEBAbstract. Flue gas recirculation has been introduced into iron ore sintering process to reduce pollutant emissions. Compared with the conventional process, the sintering indices reduce gradually with decreasing O 2 content in the recirculating gas. With sufficient O 2, the principle on the use of flue gas recirculation is heat loss caused by the .
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WEBNov 12, 2013 · The mill scale contains high amounts of Fe and low amounts of silica and alumina. Thus, recycling it through the sintering process helps in the saving of raw materials like iron ore and limestone. This paper presents preliminary findings of a study that investigates the potential for recycling steel mill scale in the sintering process.
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WEBMar 20, 2020 · In the iron ore sintering process, it is desirable to maximize the productivity and quality of sinter while minimizing the fuel consumption for any given raw material (iron ore, flux and solid fuel) quality. However, given the complexity of the sintering process and the large number of manipulated variables, it is not practical for .
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WEBOxygen enrichment is believed to improve productivity and reduce fuel consumption, while gas fuel injection is assumed to improve the product yield and quality in iron ore sintering process. It is important to understand the mutual effect of oxygen enrichment and gas fuel injection for combined usage of these two techniques. A mathematical model is .
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WEBJun 1, 2017 · A typical iron ore sintering process mainly consists of proportioning, ignition, sintering, screening, and weighting. Iron ores and coke fines are heated in this process to produce sinter with a certain chemical composition and strength for feeding into the blast furnace [1].
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WEBNov 16, 2020 · The sinter process of iron ore with biomass carbon instead of coke breeze as fuel was investigated via thermodynamic analysis in this paper through a comparison of sinter composition indexes, metallurgical properties, and pollutant emissions. Straw charcoal was used in this paper, and its replacement does not adversely affect the .
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WEBFeb 17, 2023 · The PI approach is also a pathfinding tool to achieve carbon neutrality and net zero. Intensifiion of the iron ore sintering process was approached by injecting hydrogenrich gas into the sinter bed. The loion of the injection was critical to the pyrolysis of the solid fuel, and the SOx and NOx emissions. After installing the injection ...
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WEBJan 15, 2024 · Discrete element method is used in this work to investigate the sintering granulation process of differentshaped nuclei iron ore particles and different drum baffle settings in rotating results show that the nuclei particle shape does not affect the flow pattern much, and the baffle setting can affect the time needed for particle flow to .
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WEBFeb 13, 2017 · Flue gas recirculation (FGR) has been implemented for exhaust gas emissions reduction in iron ore sintering. However, the mechanism of NO x reduction through FGR is still unclear. In this paper, the laboratory potgrate sintering test showed a 30% reduction in gas flow and % reduction in NO x emissions achieved with a 30% .
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WEBJul 5, 2018 · During sintering process, iron ore fines, recycled ironbearing materials (dusts and slags), fluxes (dolomite, limestone, etc.), and fossil fuels, such as coke breeze and anthracite, are thoroughly mixed and agglomerated into lumplike sinter under about 1300 °C provided by the combustion of fossil fuels [10].
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WEBApr 10, 2018 · The emission of dioxins from the iron ore sintering process is the largest emission source of dioxins, and the reduction in dioxin emission from the iron ore sintering process to the environment is increasingly important. Three approaches to control the emission of dioxins were reviewed: source control, process control, and terminal .
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WEBAug 1, 2013 · Sintering is a process where a mixture of ore, flux and coke is agglomerated (agglomerated) in the sinter plant to produce suitable sintered products in terms of composition, quality and ...
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WEBFeb 25, 2018 · Sinter yield and strength were predicted by the method of numerical simulation in this study. An unsteady twodimensional mathematical model for the iron ore sintering process was developed by taking most of the significant physical phenomena and chemical reactions into consideration. By employing FLUENT software and C .
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WEBJun 13, 2022 · Iron ore sintering entails high energy consumption and also produces significant pollution, responsible for the highest share of CO 2 emission, as well as SO 2 and NOx emissions, in the iron and steel production processes. 5 The SO 2 and NO X emissions from this process account for ∼70% and ∼40% of the total iron and steel .
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WEBApr 14, 2009 · Turning low grade iron ore into the most used metal in the world is no easy task. Learn how this hot process works on Discovery Channel's "HowStuffWorks" sho...
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WEBJan 15, 2022 · The iron ore sintering process is an agglomeration process to form highstrength sinter. It involves granulating the mixed ore, flux, and solid fuel, distributing the granulated materials in the bed, igniting the solid fuels (coke breeze), sintering the ironbearing materials via the combustion of solid fuel in a grate with air suction beneath ...
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WEBAs a key thermalstate indior of the iron ore sintering process, the content of ferrous oxide (FeO) in the finished sinter is directly related to product quality. Based on the massive data of sintering process, the datadriven soft sensor model provides a good choice for realtime FeO content detection. However, the complex characteristics of the data, .
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